Morpheus
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Location:Puerto Rico
Country:Puerto Rico
Posted 01 May 2008 - 03:27 PM
looking for the evil and deadly strawberry dry.gif (just the strawbery bush {Celastrus Family; Euonymus sp.} is poisonus... not the regular strawberry) .... i found this page with a very LARGE list of plants that are harmful to birds.
www.tgpa.com/Plants.htmlIts from the webpage called "Talking Green Parrot"
Copy & Print for future reference cool.gif
Plants Harmful to Birds
The fastest way to look up a specific plant from this list is to go to the top of your browser and select Edit > Find (on This Page)... Ctrl+F. Then in the Find box, after 'Find what:' type the name you are searching for and click on 'Find Next'. If there is a matching entry on the page it will take you to it and it will be highlighted. Keep using 'Find Next' until the Finsihed searching the document box pops up.
This list is a work in progress. Where I have found details of harmful effects of the plants, they are included. The list will also eventually cross reference plants by both common and botanical names, which it does not do now.
Acacia, mimosa, silver wattle - See Wattle and Mimosa
Acalypha sp.-Chenille plant, red-hot cattail, foxtail, phillippine medusa, Jacob's coat, copperleaf, fire dragon, beefsteak plant. White sap causes nausea and vomiting.
Acokanthera - Toxin Cardiac glycoside is distribulted throughout the plant. Causes pain, cramping, diarrhea, cardiac dysrhythmias and hyperkalemia.
Bushman's poison
Poison bush
Poison tree
Wintersweet
Agave Family (Agavaceae) - Century Plant; Juice or sap contains oxalate crystals which can irritate skin, mouth tongue and throat, resulting in swelling, breathing difficulties, burning and stomach upset. Can be a skin irritant and may cause vomiting or diarrhea.
Air Potato (Dioscoreaceae - Yam Family; Dioscorea bulbifera)subterranean and aerial tubers contain glycoside that cause gastroenteritis and bloody diarrhea. Edible if cooked.
Aizoaceae (Carpet-weed Family; Tetragonia exansa) New Zealand spinach - Leaves contain oxalates which can irritate skin, mouth, tongue and throat, resulting in swelling, breathing difficulties, burning and stomach upset, vomiting or diarrhea.
Allamanda, Yellow or Pink (Allamanda sp.) All parts, especially the sap contain toxin that induces vomiting.
Amaranthaceae (Amaranth Family) - Amaranthus sp. and Narcissus sp.
Amaranthus sp. (Amaranth, Pigweed, Tumbleweed) - All partscontain oxalates and nitrates causeing gastrointestinal irritation and bloat.
Narcissus sp. (Narcissus) - Bulbs contain high levels of calcium oxalate, causing death from respiratory failure.
Amaryllis (Amarylidaceae)-Bulb is know to be poisonous. All species contain lycorine and other alkaloids in the seeds and bulbs. Unlikely to cause toxicity in birds unless used in planted aviaries, or birds have access to garden plants. Alkaloids cause gastroenteritis possibly skin irritation, cardiac or respiratory signs in high doses.
Amaryllis belladonna - belladonna lily
Cooperia sp. - Prairie lily, Rain lily
Crinum sp. - Swamp lily, crinum lily
Eucharis grandiflora - Amazon lily
Haemanthus sp. - Blood lily
Hymenocallis sp. - Spider lily
American Yew (Taxus canadensis)-Seeds and Needles are poisonous.
Angels trumpet (Datura sp.)-Leaves, seeds and flowers are poisonous.
Apocynaceae (Dogbane Family) - Root and milky sap contain unknown toxin which is skin irritant.
Allamanda sp. (yellow or pink) - All parts, but especially the sap are carthartic, causing vomiting.
Apocynum cannabium (Indian Hemp) - All parts contain glycosides which increase temperature and pulse, dilate pupils, causes sweating, cold extremities, diarrhea and death.
Echites umbellata (Devils potato, Rubbervine) - All parts of this plant are poisonous and should not be handled, especially the potato-like root. Fatal if ingested.
Nerium oleander (Oleander)
Rhabdadenia biflora (Apocynaceae Family; Rubbervine) - This perennial is poisonous to eat and the smoke produced from burning the plant is toxic.
Urechites sp. (Wild Allamanda, Night sage) - Seeds contain urechitoxin and urechitin, a cardiac glycoside that cause burning of mouth, drtowsiness, diarrhea, vomiting, heart failure and death.
Vinca sp. (Periwinkle) - Contains alkaloids which can cause astroenteritis, skin irritaiton, cardiac or respiratory failure.
Annonaceae (Custard Apple Family) -
Annonia sp. (Sugar or custard apple) - Seeds are toxic.
Asimina sp. (Dog apple, Dog banana, Pawpaw) - Fruit contains unknown toxin which can cause skin irritation and gastrointestinal problems. May be eaten if cooked.
Aquifoliaceae (Holly Family) - Ilex sp. Holly berries contain unknown toxin which causes cause vomiting, nausea and stupor even in small quantities. Red color invites sampling by birds.
Apricot (Prunus armeniaca)- pits, leaves and bark is toxic.
Aralia Family (Araliaceae)-Aralias foliage contains saponins which cause dermatitis and intestinal irritation.
Arum; Arum Lily (Araceae sp.) All parts contain calcium oxalate which causes gastrointestinal irritation. May also cause skin dermatitis.
Alocasia macrorrhiza - Giant Elephant Ear
Anthurium sp. - Anthurim house plants of any variety.
Arisaema sp. - Jack in the Pulpit; Dragon root; Green dragon.
Caladium bicolor - Caladium sp.
Diffenbachia sp. - Diffenbachia house plant of any variety.
Mostera sp. - Split-leaf philodendron
Philodendron sp. - Philodendron sp. of any variety.
Raphidophora aurea - Pothos; Hunters robe.
Zantedeshia sp. - Calla lily; Arum lily.
Araliacae (Aralia Family) -
Brassaia actinophylla (Schefflera, Umbrella tree) - Leaves and stems contain oxalates and unknown toxins that may cause tingling ad numbness of mouth.
Hedera helix (English ivy) - Allparts contain saponic glycosides. Ingesting large quantities may cause diarrhea, excitement, nervousness, labored respiration, convulsions, coma and death.
Polyscias balfouriana (Aralias) - Foliage contains saponins which may cause skin irritation or gastrointestinal problems.
Asclepidaceae (Milkweed Family; Asclepias sp. - Milkweed or Cotton Bush) - All parts contain glycosides and resinoids. Causes salivation, vomiting,diarrhea, stupor and weakness. Some species non-toxic bull all should be suspect.
Australian Flame Tree (Sterculiaceae Family; Brachychiton acerifolius) - All parts are poisonous.
Avacodo -Bark, Leaves, Seeds and membranes within fruit are poisonous.
Azalea (Rhododendron occidentale)-Leaves are poisonous.
Balsam apple (Garcinia Family; Clusia rosea - Monkey Apple, Pitchapple) - Fruit and golden sap causes violent diarrhea if ingested.
Balsam pear (Memordica charantia)- Fruit, seeds and rind contain unknown toxins and may cause vomiting, diarrhea and death. May be used medicinally or eaten if cooked.
Balsaminaceae (Balsam Family; Impatients sp. - Balsam, Touch-me-not, Jewel weed) - Juice, stem, leaves and root contain unknown toxins that may cause burning, vomiting and diarrhea.
Banana Toxic Bananas by Andrew Wheat; Chiquita SECRETS Revealed by Mike Gallagher & Cameron McWhirter; Buy and feed only organic bananas to avoid this toxicity.
Baneberry (Actaia sp.)-Berries and Roots are poisonous.
Belladonna (Atropa belladonna)- All parts are poisonous.
Berberidaceae (Barberry Family; Podophyllum peltatum - May-apple) - Leaves, stem,flowers, rootstock and green frit contain podophyllin which in small amounts can cause severe gastroenteritis. Large amounts will cause dizziness, headache, fever, rapid pulse, low blood pressure and coma.
Bird of Paradise (Caesalpina gilliesii)-Seeds are poisonous.
Bittercup (
Bittersweet(Celastrus sp.)- All parts are poisonous.
Black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia hirta) leaves contain oleoresin that can cause contact dermatitis.
Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia)-Bark, Sprouts and foliage are poisonous.
Black Walnut- See Walnut Family
Bladderpod (Glottidium vesicarium)- All parts are toxic, with seeds being most toxic.
Bloodroot (Sanguinaria canadensis) - All parts of the plant are poisonous but the toxins are most highly concentrated in the root after leaves are completely open. The active alkaloid levels vary grea ly between regions as well as populations.
Bloodwort; Dye-root; Red-root (Lachnanthes carolinana) All parts contain unknown toxins that cuases dizziness and headache. Used medically and as a dye.
Blue Bonnet (Lupinus sp.) - Both cultivated and garden lupines and native lupines of the western rangelands are toxic. Leaves, seeds and fruits all contain lupinine, a quinolizidine alkaloid, induces nicotinic effects in animals. Pods may concentrate the toxin, becoming a source of poisonig during winter when livestock are moved through infested areas or contaminated hay is fed. Lupoines are toxic when ingested at 1% or less of body weight.
Bluegreen algae (Schizophycaea sp.)-Some forms toxic.
Bottlebrush buck-eye; Red buck-eye; Firecracker plant Horse chestnut (Aesculus sp.)- All parts, especially seeds and leaves.
Boxwood (Buxus sempervirens)-Leaves and stems are poisonous.
Boxwood, African (Myrsine africana) - Being evaluated (2004) for use as a livestock dewormer in Kenya. Ingestion can cause vomiting or diarrhea.
Bracken Fern (Pteridium apuilinum -All parts are poisonous.
Brazil Nut (Lecythis Family; Bertholletia excelsa) Seed oil may cause skin rash.
Brazilian Pepper/Florida Holly (Schinus terebinthifolius) All parts with a volatile resin and unknown toxin can cause dermatitis, gastroenteritis and respiratory distress.
Bromeliaceae (Air Plant Family; Ananas comosus - Pineapple) - Juice in fruit contains bromelin, a proteolytic enzyme and may cause skin irritation.
Buckeye Family (Hippocastanaceae)
Buckthorn (Rhamnus sp.)-Fruit and Bark are poisonous.
Burdock (Arctium sp.)-All parts poisonous.
Buttercup (Ramunculus sp.)-Sap and Bulbs are poisonous.
Calla lily (Zantedeschia aethiopica)-Leaves are poisonous.
Caladium (Caladiumsp.)-Leaves are poisonous.
Camel Bush (Boraginaceae Family; Trichodesma zeylanica) - Herb used for medicinal purposes. When burnt the ash is used to alleviate coughing due to enlarged uvula. Roots decoction used as a diuretic and for rheumatoid arthritis. Chewed roots used to treat tuberculosis or made into a an antidote for snake bite or applied to wounds. Leaves make an emollient poultice for diuresis. Aerial parts are pounded, boiled and applied to abscesses. Seed contains 1% of the pyrrollizedine alkaloid supinine.
Campanulaceae (Bellflower Family; Lobelia sp. - Cardinal Flower, Indian tobacco) - Contains pyridine alkaloids that may cause vomiting,paralysis, depressed temperature, coma and death.
Cana Lilly (Cana Lilly) - All parts poisonous.
Cannabaceae (Hemp Family; Cannabis sativa - Marijuana) - Leaves, stems and flowers contain tetrahydrocannabinoils which when ingested create a feeling of euphoria. Large amounts cause poisoning of livestock and small animals.
Cardinal Flower (Lobelia cardinalis) Indian Tobacco; Contains pyridine alkaloins that may cause vomiting, paralysis, depressed temperature, coma and death.
Carpet-weed Family (Aizoaceae) (Tetrangoinia exansa )( New Zealand spinach (leaves))- Leaves contain oxalates which can irritate skin, mouth, tongue and throat, resulting in swelling, breatig difficulties, burning and stomach upset, vomiting or diarrhea.
Carolina Jasmine (Gelsemium sp.) - All parts contain strychnine-related alkaloids gelsemine and gelseminine and should not be ingested. Sap may cause skin irritation. Nectar is toxic and causes brood death when gathered by honeybees.
Caryophyllaceae (Pink Family; Agostemma githago - Corn cockle) - Al parts and especially the seeds contain githagenin, a saponin that causes gastroenteritis, weakness, labored breathing and death.
Cashew Tree(Anacardiaceae-Anacardium occidentale) Nut shell, sap and gum contain anacardic acid and cardol (a caustic oil). Fumes from roasting shells are toxic. Fruit is edible but astringent and is often fed to birds or eaten by wild parrots.
Castor bean (castor oil plant-Ricinus communis)-Beans and leaves are poisonous. (see Spurge Family)
Cedar (Cedar Family)
Juniperus sp. (Juniper; Red cedar) Oil in foliage may cause dermatitis or gastroenteritis if ingested.
Thuja occidentalis (Arbor-vitae; Yellow cedar) - Foliage is toxic.
Celastraceae (Celastrus Family; Euonymus sp. - Hearts a busting, Strawberry bush) - Leaves, bark, seed and root contain unknown toxins that cause vomiting, diarhea, chills and coma.
Celery -Has a stringy fiber running the length of the stalk and if long strings are swallowed can clog the bird’s digestive system. Finely chop any celery for birds. Celery leaves are a very good source of all seven essential body salts. Celery also contains 1.6 to 1 ratio of Calcium to phosphorous.
Century Plant (Agavaceae-Agave sp.) Juice or sap contains oxalate crystals which can irritate skin, mouth thongue and throat and result in swelling, breathing difficulties, burning and stomach upset. Can be a skin irritant and may cause vomiting or diarrhea.
Chalice or Trumpet vine (Solandra sp.)-All parts are poisonous.
Cherry tree (Prunus sp.)-Bark, twigs, leaves and pits are poisonous.
Chinaberry (Melia azedarach) Berries are poisionous.
Christmas Candle (Pedilanthus tithymaloides)-Sap is poisonous.
Citrus Family(Rosaceae sp.)-
White sapote (Casimiroa tetrameria)-Fruit is edible, but seeds are toxic.
Mock orange (Poncirus trifoliata)- Large quantities of fruit may cause gastroenteritis.
Clematis (Clematis sp.)-All parts are poisonous.
Cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) - Seeds, seedlings and burs are extremely toxic and have been known to poison livestock.
Coffee Bean (Rattle-Bush, Rattle Box & Coffeeweed)
Compositae (Composite Family) -
Ambrosia artemisiifolia (Ragweed) - Leaves, stem and pollen contain oleoresin. Allergen and contact dermatitis.
Eupatorium rugosum (Fall poison, Snakeroot) - All parts contain tremetol that can cause poisoning of livestock.
Rudbeckia hirta (Black-eyed Susan) - Leaves, stem and pollen contain oleoresin. Allergen and contact dermatitis.
Senecio sp. (Grounsel, Ragwort, Mexican flame flower vine, Butterweed) - All parts contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids which may cause poisoning of livestock.
Coral plant (Jatropha multifida)-Seeds are poisonous.
Corn (Zea mays) - Leaves and stalks can contain cyanogenic glycosides during growing and flowering in small amounts.
Corncockle (Caryophyllaceae; Pink Family)(Agostemma githago) All parts, especially seeds contain githagenin a saponin which causes astroenteritis, weakness, labored respiration and death.
Cowslip (Caltha polustris)-Seeds are poisonous.
Coyotillo (Karwinskia humboldtiana, limberleg) - Plant contains phytotoxins.Symptoms include abnormal reflexes, ataxia, sysmetria, weakness, paraparesis, trembling, tremor and death.
Crocus (Colchicum autumnalle)-Bulb is poisonous.
Custard Apple Family (Annonaceae; Annonia sp.) Seeds toxic.
Cycadaceae (Cycad Family; Cyas sp.- Cycad, False sago palm, Fern palm) - Seeds unprepared root and trunk with cycasin, a glycoside that is carcinogenic and damages kidneys and liver. Causes vomiting, diarrhea, coma and death.
Daffodil (Narcissus sp.)-Bulbs are poisonous.
Daphne (Daphne sp.)-Berries are poisonous.
Datura (Datura sp.)-Berries are poisonous.
Deadly amanita (Amanita muscaria)-All parts are poisonous.
Death camas (Zygadenis elegans)-All parts are poisonous.
Delphinium (Delphinium sp.)-All parts are poisonous.
Devils potato (Echites umbellata) - All parts of this plant are poisonous and should not be handled, especially the potato-like root. Fatal if ingested.
Dieffenbachia (Dieffenbachia picta)-Leaves are poisonous.
Dutchmans Breeches, Bleeding heart, squirrel corn, turkey corn (Dicentra sp.) - All parts contain several isoquinolone alkaloids, which are toxic if eaten in large quantities and cause trembling, staggering, vomiting, diarrhea, convulsions, labored breathing and skin irritation after repeated contact with the sap.
Eggplant (Solanaceae sp.)-All parts EXCEPT fruit are poisonous.
Elderberry (Sambucus canadensis)-Roots, leaves, stems and bark are poisonous.
Elephant's ear (taro-Colocasis sp.)-Leaves and Stem are poisonous.
English Ivy (Ilex aquafolium)-Berries and Leaves are poisonous.
English Ivy (Hedera helix)-All parts contain saponic glycosides which can cause diarrhea, excitement, nervousness labored breathing, convulsions, coma and death.
English yew (Taxus baccata)-Needles and Seeds are poisonous.
Eucalyptus -Dried, dyed or treated in floral arrangements.
E. botryoides-Bangalay
E. citriodora-Lemon gum
E. eryhrocorys
E. ficifolia-Flame Eucalyptus
Euonymus or European Spindle Tree (Euonymus europaeus)-Fruit, bark and leaves are poisonous.
Euphorbiaceae = see Spurge Family
Ericaceae = see Heath Family
Fagaceae = see Beech and Oak Family
False Hellebore, hellebore,Indian poke (Veratrum viride) - All parts contain steroidal alkaloids which are toxic if eaten in large quantities and cause burning mouth and throat, salivation, headache, stomach pain, vomiting, diarrhea, weakness, sweating and convulsions.
False henbane (Veratrum woodii)-All parts are poisonous.
Fig or Rubber Tree (Ficus sp.)- Sap contains latex with fucusin. May cause dermatiitis.
Fire-cracker plant (Aesculus sp.)-All parts especially seeds and leaves.
Fireweed (Erechtites hieracifolia) leaves contain hieracifoline and other pyrrolizidine alkaloids.
Flame Tree = see Australian Flame Tree
Fly agaric mushroom/deadly amanita- (Amanita muscaria)-All parts are poisonous.
Four O’ Clock (Mirabilis jalapa)- All parts are poisonous.
Foxglove (Digitalis purpurea)-Leaves and seeds are poisonous.
Garlic and Onion -Should never be served raw because the skins may cause pseudomonal bacterial infections due to contamination.
Ginko; Maidenhair tree (Ginkgoaceae - Ginko bilobao); Fruit and seed contain ginkolic acid which may cause skin and gastrointestinal irritation.
Glottidium vesicarium = See Bladderpod.
Golden chain (laburnum-Laburnum anagyroides) All parts are poisonous.
Golden dewdrops (Duranta repens) - Berries are poisonous.
Grass Family
Sorghum sp. (Sorghum, Sudan grass, Johnson grass) - All parts, but especially the leaves may contain toxic levels of hydrocyanic acid, the precusor to cyanide. Death can occur in minutes after ingestion. New growth contains highest levels, with Johnson grass being the most toxic. Toxicity declines with maturity.
Zea mays (Corn) - Leaves and stalks can contain cyanogenic glycosides during growing and flowering in small amounts.
Triglochin maritima (Juncaginaceae; Arrow grass Family - Arrow Grass)
Ground Cherry, Chinese lantern, Japanese lantern, Plha,Yellow Nightshade Groundcherry (Physalis crassifolia) - Unripe berries contain glycoalkaloid solanine which causes gastrointestinal distress.
Heath Family (Ericaceae) All parts including pollen contain andromedotoxin. Ingestion causes tingling sensation, salivation, watering of nose & eyes, nausea, vomiting, slow pulse, low blood pressure, paralysis, coma and death due to respiratory paralysis.
Andromeda - (Pieris sp.)
P. Floribunda (Mountain andromeda, Mountain fetter-bush
P. japonica (Japanese Pieris)
P. phillyrelfolia (Climbing Hearth)
Kalmia latifolia (Mountain laurel)
Leucothoe catesbaei - relative to Rhododendrons and Azealea.
L. axillaris (Coastal Doghobble)
L. davisiae (Sierra laurel)
L. fontanesiana (Highland Doghobble, Dropping Leucothoe)
L. racemosia (Swamp sweetbells)
Kalmia latifolia - Mountian laurel, Black laurel Ivy, Ivy-bush. (See above)
Rhododendron sp. - Azalea; Laurel (See above)
Hemlock (Conium sp.)-All parts are poisonous.
Henbane (Hyocyanamus niger)-Seeds are poisonous.
Holly (Ilex sp.)-Berries are poisonous, causing vomiting, nausea and stupor even in small amounts. Red color invites sampling by birds.
Horse chestnut (Aesulus sp.)-Nuts and Twigs are poisonous.
HorseTail (Equisetum arvense) - Enzyme thiaminase breaks into its two component parts, inactivating it and creating a vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency. Symptoms are anxiety, poor coordination and weakness.
Hyacinth (Hyacinthinus orientalis)-Bulbs are poisonous.
Hydrangea (Hydrangea sp.)-Flower Buds are poisonous.
Indian Hemp (Apocynum cannabium) All parts glycosides that increase pulse and temperature, dilated pupils, sweating, cold extremities, mild diarrhea and death.
Imatiens (Impatiens sp.) Balsam;Touch-me-not; Jewel weed; Juice, stem, leaves and root contain unknown toxins that can cause burning taste, vomiting and diarrhea.
Indian Turnip or Jack in the Pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum)-All parts are poisonous.
Iris Family (Iris sp.)-Bulbs are poisonous.
Gladiolus (Gladiolus sp.) Corm contains unknown toxins that are irritants and may cause vomiting.
Iris (Iris sp.) Leaves and rhizome can cause gastrointestinal irritation and may affect the liver and/or pancreas.
Jack in the Pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum)-All parts are poisonous.
Japanese yew (Taxus cuspidata)-Needles and Seeds are poisonous.
Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera Japonica) - Berries are poisonous, causing vomiting, diarrhea, pupil dilation, cold sweat, rapid heartbeat, respiratory failure, convulsions and coma.
Jerusalem cherry (Solanum pseudocapsicam)-Berries are poisonous.
Jimsonweed or Thornapple (Datura sp.)-Berries are poisonous.
Juniper (Juniperus virginiana)Needles, Stems and Berries are poisonous.
Juglandaceae = see Walnut Family
Lantana (Lantana sp.)-Immatiure Berries are poisonous.
Larkspur (Delphinium sp.)-All parts are poisonous.
Laurel Family (Lauraceae) - All parts are poisonous.
Kalmia latifolia (Mountain laurel, Black laurel, Ivy, Ivy-bush)
Persea americana (Avocado) - All parts except ripe fruit contain an unknown toxin. Membrane surrounding the avocado pit also contains toxins. Toxicity has been documented in canaries and budgerigars. Often eaten by feral and captive psittacines with no obvious adverse effects. Use caution.
Lily Family (Liliaceae)
Asparagus sprengeri-Asparagus fern. Foliage, berries and seeds contain an unknown toxin that may be toxic if eaten.
Colchicum sp.-Autumn crocus, Meadow saffron, Naked ladies. All parts contain colchicine and related alkaloids which are mitotic poisons. Mitotic poisions interfere with cell division and are very long lasting.
Nolina brittoniana-Florida beargrass. Flower buds, flowers and fruits contain unknown toxins that can cause liver and kidney damage and/or photosensitization.
Veratrum sp-Bunchflower, Helleborne. Leaves and seeds contain unkn0own toxins which cause gastroenteritis, weakness, respiratory depression and convulsions.
Lily of the Valley (Convallaria majalis)-All parts are poisonous.
Lobelia (Lobelia sp.)-All parts are poisonous.
Locoweed (Astragalu molissimus)-All parts are poisonous.
Locusts
Black Locust (Pea Family; Robinia pseudoacacia) - Seeds, bark, sprouts and foliage are poisonous. Found from Pennsylvania to Iowa to Georgia.
Honey Locust (Pea Family; Gleditsia triacanthos) -Native tree appears to be a safe tree according to Ontario Minsitry of Agriculature, Food and Rural Affairs. Found from Pennsylvania to Nebraska to Texas.
Loganiaceae (Loginia Family)
Gelsemium sp. (Carolina or yellow jasmine) - Roots and flower nectar contain indole alkaloids which can cause sweating, weakness, convulsions , respiratory failure and death.
Strychnos nux-vomica (Strychinichnine tree, Nux-Vomica) - All parts contain alkaloids, strychnine and brucine. Extremely toxic, causing convulsions and death.
Strychnos spinosa (Natal orange) - All parts contain strychnine.
Lords and ladies or cuckoopint (arum sp.)-All parts are poisonous.
Lupine (Lupinus diffusus Nuttall)
Melaleuca (Oleum Melaleucae) -
Melaleuca alternifolia - Australian tea tree) - Active ingredients is cyclic terpenes which has been found to be toxic to cats.
Melaleuca quinquenervia - Cajeput or Punk tree)- Respiratory irritant and allegen to pollen.
Malanga (Xanthosoma sp.) - Leaves contain irritant raphides which causes dermatitis.
Mamey (Mammea sp. )-Seeds contain toxin but fruit is edible.
Mango (Mangifera indica)-Sap and skin of fruit is a skin irritant.
Marijuana (Cannabis sativa)-Leaves, stems and flowers contain tetrahydrocannabinols. Ingestion causes feeling of euphoria. Large amounts cause poisoning.
May-apple (Berberidaceae-Barberry Family; Podophylolum sp.)-All parts except ripe fruit contain podophyllin which can cause severe gastroenteritis, dizziness, headache, fever, rapid pulse, low blood pressure and coma.
Maple Family (Aceracae-Acer sp.)Box elders - Juice or sap may irritate skin or cause rash. Pollen has the highest level of allergenicity among all tree pollens.
Mescal bean (Sophora sp.)-Seeds are poisonous.
Mexican Breadfruit, Monstera, split-leaf philodendron, mother-in-law, swiss cheese plant, hurricane plant, fruit salad plant, cutleaf philodendron(Araceae Family; Monstera sp.) - Contain oxalate crystals and histamine releasers.
Mexican flame flower; Ragwort; Groundsel; Butterweed (Senecio sp.)-All parts contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids commonly implicated in livestock poisoning.
Mexican Poppy (Argemone mexicana) - All parts contain isoquinoline alkaloid, which causes "epidemic dropsy" in humans.
Milkweed or Cotton Bush (Asclepias sp.)-All parts contain glycosides and resinoids that causes vomiting diarrhea, stupor, and weakness.
Mimosa -Sensitive plant, Baby's bath brush. Seeds may contain mimosine, an alpha-amino acid that can cause vomiting.
Mistletoe (Santalales sp.)-Berries are poisonous.
Mock orange (Poncirus sp.)-Fruit is poisonous.
Monkshood (Aconitum sp.)-Leaves and Roots are poisonous.
Moonseed (Menispermum canadense)
Morning glory (Ipomoea sp.)-All parts are poisonous.
Mushrooms -Many birds are allergic to these fungi.
Fly agaric Mushroom (Amanita muscaria)- All parts are poisonous.
Narcissus (Narcissus sp.) - Bulbs contain high levels of calcium oxalate, causing death from respiratory failure.
New Zealand spinach (Tetragonia exansa; Carpet-weed Family) - Leaves contain oxalates which can irritate skin, mouth, tongue and throat, resulting in swelling, breatig difficulties, burning and stomach upset, vomiting or diarrhea.
Night Sage (Urechites sp.) Wild allamanda; Seeds with urechitoxin and urechitin, a cardiac glycoside.
Nightshades (Solanum sp.)-Berries and Leaves are poisonous. Eggplant is safe.
Oak (Quercus sp.) Leaves, acorns and other parts contain tannin, which may be toxic if large enough amounts are consumed.
Oleander (Nerium oleander)-Leaves, branches, and Nectar of Blossoms are poisonous.
PawPaw (Asimina sp.)-Dog Apple; Dog Banana; Fruit contains unknown toxinwhich causes skin and gastrointestinal irritation.
Pea Family (Leguminosaeae)-Taxonamy in this family is in dispute.
Abrus precatorius-Rosary Pea or Indian Licorice, Licorice vine, Crab's eye, Lucky bean, Prayer bean, Seminole bread, Weathervine, Love bean (Abrus precatorius)- All parts, especially the seeds contain abrin, a toxalbumin and abric acid, a glycoside. May cause gastroenteritis, vomiting, nausea, trembling, weakness, circulatory failure, hemorrhage, kidney and liver failure. Reaction may be delayed for up to two days. One seed chewed may be fatal, but if unchewed may pass harmlessly through the system.
Adenanthera pavana-Bead tree, Circassian bean, Sandalwood. Seeds when raw contain lignoceric acid a poisonous intoxicant.
Andira inermis-Cabbage bark tree. Bark and seeds contain andirine and alkaloids. Used medically, but toxic or fatal in overdose.
Caesalpinia pulchrrima-Dwarf Poinciana, Pride of Barbados, Flower-fence. Leaves contain gallic acid and HCN which may cause abortion and diarrhea.
Caesalpinia sp.-Hold-back, Wait-a-bit vine, Paradise poinciana, Dwarf poinciana. Prickles on some species cause painful physical injury.
Dolichos lablab-Hyacinth bean. Raw beans contain cyanogenic glycosides which can cause vomiting, weakness, labored respiration, convulsions, and unconsciousness. Edible when cooked.
Gliricidia sepium-Madre, Madre-de-cacoa, Mother-of-cocoa. Leaves, bark, seed and root contain unknown toxin, that is used as a rat poison in the tropics.
Mimosa sp.-Sensitive plant, Baby's bath brush. Seeds may contain mimosine, an alpha-amino acid that can cause vomiting.
Mucuna deeringiana-Velvet bean. Seeds contain a volatile oil that can cause digestive upset.
Sesbania sp.-Coffee bean, Rattlebox, Sesbane. Seeds and flowers contain saponins and unknown toxins that can cause diarrhea, rapid pulse, respiratory failure and death.
Sophora sp.-Mescal bean, Frijolito, Yellow sophora, Silverbush. All parts except seeds contain quinolizidine alkaloids which even in minute amounts produce intoxication, nausea, vomiting, convulsions, coma and death due to respiratory failure.
Trifolium repens-Clovers. All parts with unknown toxins and sometimes with cyanogenic glycoside which can cause dermatitis, photosensitization, liver, digestive and nervous disorders if eaten in sufficient quantities.
Wisteria sp.-Wisteria. Pod, seeds and bark contain wisterin, an alkaloid and a resin which can cause gastroenteritis which could be fatal.
Periwinkle (Vinca rosea) Alkaloids.
Philodendron (Philodendron sp.)-Leaves and Stems are poisonous.
Pigweed, Tumbleweed (Amaranthaceae-Amaranth Family; Amaranthus sp.)All parts with oxalates and nitrates; gastrointestinal irritant; bloat.
Pikeweed, Pickerel weed, Wampee (Pontederia sp.) - Leaves, roots and immature berries are poisonous.
Pineapple (Bromeliaceae; Air Plant Family;Ananas comosus) Juice contains bromelin, a proteolytic enzyme that may cause skin irritation.
Pittosporum (Pittosporum sp.) May cause serious illnes or death if ingested.
Poison Ivy (Toxicodendron radicans)-All parts, but particularly the sap is poisonous.
Poison oak (Toxicodendron quercifolium)-All parts, but particularly the sap is poisonous.
Poison Wood (Metopium toxiferum) All parts cause dermatitis.
Poinciana (gilliesi)-is an airy shrub while
Poinciana (Delonix ) regia is the Royal Poinciana, a tree of Florida.
No differentiation as to which Poinciana is poisonous.
Poinsettia (Euphorobia pulcherrima)-Leaves and Flowers are poisonous.
Pokeweed or Inkberry (Phytolacca americans)-Leaves, Roots and Immature Berries are poisonous.
Potato (Solanum tuberosum)-Eyes and New Shoots are poisonous.
Prickly poppy (Argemne sp.) - Roots, leaves and seeds contain alkaloids berberine and protopine. Gastroenteritis, respiratory and narcotic effect.
Privet (Lingustrum volgare)-All parts are poisonous.
Pyracantha or Firethorn (Pyracantha coccinea)-Rosaceae Family- Most, if not all members of the genus produce hydrogen cyanide. This toxin is found mainly in the leaves and seed and is readily detected by its bitter taste. It is usually resent in too small a quantity to do any harm, but any very bitter seed or fruit should not be eaten. In small quantities, hydrogen cyanide has been shown to stimulate respiration and improve digestion, but in excess it can cause respiratory failure and even death.
Pyracantha angustifolia (narrowleaf firethorn) - Southwest China
'Yukon Belle'
Pyracantha atalantoides - Southern China
Pyracantha coccinea (scarlet firethorn) Italy east to Asia Minor - Minor toxicity: May cause minor illness or vomiting; May cause skin rash or irritation.
Fiery Cascade
Gnozam (Gnome TM)
Kasan
Lalandei and Lalandei Monrovia
Lowboy
Orange Charmer
Rutgers
Pyracantha crenatoserrata (yunnanensis) - Central China
Pyracantha crenulata (Nepalese white thorn) - Himalaya
Pyracantha fortuneana (Chinese firethorn)
Pyracantha koidzumii (formosa firethorn) - Taiwan
'Mohave' - (P. koidzumii X P. coccinea 'Wyattii')
Pyracantha rogersiana - Yunnan
Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) leaves, stems and pollen contain oleoresin, an allergen and contact dermatitis.
Rape (Mustard Family; Brassica napus oleifera) - Contains goitrogenic L-5-vinyl-2-thioxazolidone which can produce goiter in animals consuming modest quantities. Toxic effects include pulmonary emphysema, respiratory distress, anemia, constiptation, irritability and blindness.
Rattlebox (Crotalaria pallida Aiton)-Roadside, field and waste land weed in Southeastern states.
Red Kidney Beans - contain toxic haemoglutineans, found to be very harmful in humans, are present in the raw state, but are destroyed by boiling for at least 10 minutes.
Red Maple (Acer rubrum) - Leaves contain unidentified toxin causes acute hemolysis, depression, icterus , anemia, hemoglobinemia/hemoglobinuria, polypnea and tachycardia may result from severe anemia and cyanosis. As little as 0.3% of the body weight of leaves is toxic. In vitro evidence suggests that tannins may be responsible.
Red Mulberry (Morus rubra) sap and unripe fruit contain toxins.
Rhododendron (Rhododendron sp.)-All parts are poisonous.
Rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum)-Leaves are poisonous.
Rosary Pea or Indian Licorice, Licorice vine, Crab's eye, Lucky bean, Prayer bean, Seminole bread, Weathervine, Love bean (Abrus precatorius)- All parts, especially the seeds contain abrin, a toxalbumin and abric acid, a glycoside. May cause gastroenteritis, vomiting, nausea, trembling, weakness, circulatory failure, hemorrhage, kidney and liver failure. Reaction may be delayed for up to two days. One seed chewed may be fatal, but if unchewed may pass harmlessly through the system.
Rubbervine, Palay rubbervine, Purple allamandra (Rhabdodenia biflora) - This perennial is poisonous to eat and the smoke produced from burning the plant is also toxic.
Sandbox Tree (Euphorbiaceae Family; Hura crepitans) Contains emeto-cathartic which acts as a violent poison in large doses. Oil from seeds is actively purgative. Juice is extremely acrid, producing an erysipelatious redness and pustular eruption when it comes in contact with skin.
Schefflera (Brassaia actinophylla)- Umbrella tree leaves and stems contain oxalates and unknown toxins that may irritate the mouth and esophogus.
Sensitive Plant, Baby's bath brush (Mimosa sp.) Seeds may contain mimosine, an alph-amino acid that can cause vomiting.
Skunk cabbage (Symplocarpus foetidus)-All parts are poisonous.
Snakeroot (Eupatorium rugosum) Fall poison; all parts contain tremetol, a complex alcohol and a glycoside that can cause poisoning.
Snowdrop (Ornithogalum umbellatum)-all parts are poisonous.
Soapberry (Sapindaceae sp.) - leaves contain saponin which can cause paralysis, convulsions and respiratory failure.
Snow on the Mountain or Ghostweed (Euphorbia marginata)-All parts are poisonous.
Sorghum; Sudan grass; Johnson grass (Sorghum sp.)-All parts especially the leaves contain dhurrin which forms HCN.
Sorrel, Dock (Rumex sp.) - Allergenicity is moderate to high.
Spurge Family (Euphorbiaceae)Pencil Tree, Snow on the Mountain, Candelabra, Crown of Thorns) Many members of this family are toxic, having a caustic milky sap that is dangerous if ingested.
Aleurites sp. (Tung-oil tree, Candlenut, Lumbang nut, Mu-oil tree) - All parts, especially seeds contain toxablumin and saponin that causes gastroenteritis, nausea, vomiting, weakness. Seeds are toxic if raw but edible if cooked.
Chamaesyce sp. (Spurge) - Milky sap in allparts contains euphorbon and unknown toxins that are skin irritants.
Cadaieum varagatum (Crotons) - Oil in the seed, leaves and stem can be fatal even in small quantities.
Euphorbia sp. (Candelabra cactus, Crown of thorns, Pencil tree, Spurge tree) - all contain milky sap with resins and glycosides which cause severe external and gastrointestina irritations.
Jatropha sp. (Barbados nut, Purge nut, Coral plant) - All have seeds and sap that contain jatrophin, a purgative oil and resin. Causes severe burning of throat, nausea and gastroenteritis, collapse and death.
Manihot sp. (Cassava, Yucca, Tapioca plant) - All have seeds with a purgative oil. Roots contain cyanogenic glycosides. Seeds cause diarrhea while roots contain a high content of HCN.
Pedilanthus tithymaloides (Christmas candle, Jacobs ladder, Jew-bush, Slipper-flower) - all have seeds and milky sap in al parts that contain unknown toxins which cause skin and eye irritation, violent vomiting and diarrhea.
Poinsettia sp. (Poinsettia, Painted leaf) - Contain sap which is a skin irritant and can cause death if ingested.
Ricinus communis (Castor bean) - All parts contain ricin, a toxalbum, and ricinine, an alkaloid and HCN. Very poisonous and ingestion causes burning of the mouth, gloody gstroenteritis, convulsions and death. Also an irritant which may cause an allergic response, eye irritation, dermatities and asthma.
Sapium sp. (Tallow-tree) - Sap contains unknown toxins. Used medically and to make candles but can be harmful.
Stillingia sylvatica (Queen's root, Queen's delight) Root contains stillingine, an alkaloid. Irritant and toxic if overdosed.
Tithymalopsis sp. (Ipecas spurge, Wild ipecac) - Root with unknown toxins. Persistaent vomiting and profuse diarrhea, shock and collapse.
Stinging nettle (Urtica sp.) - Sap causes skin rash or irritaiton.
Strawberry bush (Celastraceae; Celastrus Family)(Euonymus sp;) Hearts a bustin; Leaves, bark, seed and root contain unknown toxin causing vomiting, diarrhea, chills and coma.
Sweet pea (Lathryus latifolius)-Seeds and Fruit are poisonous.
Swiss Chard, Beet (Chenopodiaceae; Goosefoot Family)Leaves contain soluble oxalates and unknowns toxins. Safe when cooked but frequent eating or large amounts of raw leaves may be toxic.
Tansy Ragwort (Senecio jacobaea) - Contains toxic alkaloid which reacts with enzyme in leivestock to create cumulative liver damage.
Tobacco (Nicotinia sp.)-Leaves are poisonous.
Tumbleweed (Amaranthaceae-Amaranth Family-Amaranthus sp.) All parts with oxalates and nitrates. Gastrointestinal irritant, Bloat.
Vanilla (Orchidaceae sp.)-Juice of vine.
Vanilla planifolia
Vetch; Hairy and Common
Virginia creeper (Pathenocissu quinquefolia)-Sap is poisonous.
Walnut Family (Juglandaceae)
Juglans nigra (Black Walnut) - Juice of stem contains juglandic acid which may cause dermatitis.
Wattle (Acacia)-Austrailian trees. Grazing animals have been known to loose muscle control after long-term consumption.
A. armata-Kangaroo Thorn
A. baileyana
A. decurrens dealbata-Silver Wattle
A. podalyriaefolia.
Western yew (Taxus breviflora)-Needles and Seeds are poisonous.
White Cedar, Chinaberry, Paraiso, syringa berr, persian lilac (Magogany family; Melia azadarach) or( Melia azadarach var. umbraculiformis - Texas umbrella tree) - Uncertainty exists as to the exact nature of the toxic compounds found in Chinaberry, but saponins, alkaloids (azaradine, margosine, mangrovin), and tetranortriterpenes (melatoxins) are suspected to be responsible for gastroenteric and neurologic symptoms. All parts of the tree are poisonous, but most poisoning is associated with the fruit. Symtoms include vomiting, constipation, hemorrhagic diarrhea, colic, weakness, muscle trembling, ataxia, coma and respiratory failure.
Wisteria (Wisteria sp.)-All parts are poisonous.
Yam bean (Pachyrhizus erosus )_Roots, and Immature Pods are poisonous.
Yellow Jasmine (Jasminum humile) or (Jasminum primulinum mesnyi) - Roots and flower nectar contain indole alkaloids which can cause sweating, weakness, convulsions , respiratory failure and death.
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